Implementation of IoT-Based Smart Home Automation for Energy Efficiency in Dutse LGA, Jigawa State
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- NGN 5000
Background of the study:
Energy efficiency in residential areas has become a global priority, especially in regions where energy resources are limited or expensive. In Dutse LGA, many households still rely on manual controls for lighting, heating, and appliance management, leading to energy wastage and higher utility costs. The implementation of IoT-based smart home automation systems offers a transformative solution by enabling real-time control and optimization of energy usage. These systems integrate sensors, smart meters, and automated control devices that communicate over wireless networks to adjust energy consumption based on occupancy, ambient conditions, and user preferences (Ibrahim, 2023). For instance, automated lighting and climate control can reduce unnecessary energy use by turning off systems in unoccupied rooms, while smart appliances can schedule operations during off-peak hours (Udo, 2024). The system collects data continuously and uses machine learning algorithms to forecast energy demand and optimize consumption patterns, thereby improving overall energy efficiency (Aminu, 2025). In addition, remote monitoring through mobile applications provides homeowners with real-time insights and control, promoting behavioral changes that contribute to sustainable energy use. This approach not only reduces energy bills but also lowers the environmental impact of residential energy consumption. With the growing emphasis on smart city and sustainable living initiatives, the adoption of home automation systems is increasingly relevant. This study investigates the practical implementation of an IoT-based smart home automation system aimed at enhancing energy efficiency in residential buildings in Dutse LGA.
Statement of the problem:
Residential areas in Dutse LGA suffer from inefficient energy usage due to reliance on traditional, manual control systems. These outdated methods lead to energy wastage, higher utility bills, and increased environmental impact (Ibrahim, 2023). The lack of automation results in suboptimal management of heating, lighting, and appliance use, particularly during periods of low occupancy. Manual adjustments are not only labor-intensive but also fail to respond dynamically to changes in environmental conditions, leading to persistent inefficiencies. Additionally, the absence of real-time monitoring and data analytics prevents homeowners from identifying and addressing energy wastage promptly. Financial constraints and limited awareness of smart energy solutions further exacerbate the issue, leaving many households unable to adopt modern energy management practices. Without an automated, data-driven solution, energy consumption remains high and unsustainable, placing economic and environmental burdens on residents (Udo, 2024). A robust IoT-based home automation system is necessary to streamline energy usage, reduce operational costs, and promote sustainable living practices in the region (Aminu, 2025).
Objectives of the study:
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To design and implement an IoT-based home automation system focused on energy efficiency.
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To assess the system’s impact on reducing household energy consumption.
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To propose strategies for integrating the system into existing residential infrastructures.
Research questions:
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How effective is the IoT-based automation system in optimizing energy usage in homes?
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What measurable reductions in energy consumption are observed after system implementation?
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How can the system be integrated with current household energy management practices?
Significance of the study:
This study is significant as it demonstrates the potential of IoT-based home automation to improve energy efficiency in residential areas. The findings will help homeowners reduce energy costs, lower their carbon footprint, and promote sustainable living practices in Dutse LGA. Enhanced control and real-time monitoring can transform traditional households into smart, energy-efficient environments.
Scope and limitations of the study:
This study is limited to the implementation and evaluation of an IoT-based smart home automation system for energy efficiency in residential buildings in Dutse LGA, Jigawa State. It does not extend to commercial buildings or other regions.
Definitions of terms:
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IoT (Internet of Things): A network of devices that communicate real-time data.
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Home Automation System: A technology system that automates household functions such as lighting, climate, and appliance control.
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Energy Efficiency: The optimization of energy use to reduce waste and costs.
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